Every number has a source.

Source: BSV — AHV-Leistungen 2026; BSV, Umsetzung 13. AHV-Rente (bsv.admin.ch)

From December 2026 a 13th monthly pension is paid, so a full pension year at the maximum is CHF 32,760. The 13th pension equals one twelfth of the old-age pensions actually paid during the year, so it is lower for anyone who retires mid-year, and it does not apply to survivors' or disability (IV) pensions. The full AHV pension requires 44 contribution years for anyone reaching reference age at 65; women born 1961–1963 are still in the AHV 21 transition and reach reference age earlier, so their full contribution period is shorter. We prorate your expected AHV by actual contribution years at retirement age.

Source: BVG Art. 14 para. 2 (fedlex.admin.ch)

We use the conversion rate your pension fund documents. Without it, we show a 4% illustration and, separately, a 5.5% comparison, only on capital that may be converted — never as your entitlement. The statutory 6.8% minimum applies only to the mandatory portion, so we do not apply it to your whole pot.

Source: BSV, Beträge gültig ab dem 1. Januar 2026 (bsv.admin.ch)

Used to calculate your insured BVG salary from gross income. The minimum coordinated salary is CHF 3,780/year (BVG Art. 8 para. 2). Both figures are published annually by the BSV (Bundesamt für Sozialversicherungen).

Source: BVV 3 Art. 7; BSV

Which limit applies depends on whether you are affiliated to an occupational pension scheme (Pillar 2), not on whether you are employed or self-employed. A self-employed person who is affiliated — voluntarily or through the Stiftung Auffangeinrichtung BVG — is capped at CHF 7,258. We use this to calculate your annual headroom.

Source: BVV 3 Art. 7; BSV

Only for people who are not affiliated to an occupational pension scheme. The 20% is measured on AHV-liable earned income, not on net income.

Source: Navinua assumption — deliberately conservative

We use a 3% annual return for Pillar 3a projection. Swiss Pillar 3a funds have historically returned 3–6% depending on equity allocation. We use the lower bound to avoid overstating the outcome.

Source: Navinua assumption — clearly stated in your report

The Pillar 3a projection assumes you keep paying what you pay in today, every year until retirement, capped at your legal limit. If you pay nothing today, no new contributions are projected. The report shows separately how much unused 3a room you have.

Source: Authority: Bundesrat decision under BVG Art. 15 (fedlex.admin.ch)

The federal BVG minimum interest rate is set annually by the Bundesrat. Recent values: 2023 → 1.25%, 2024 → 1.75%, 2025 → 1.25%. We use 1.5% as a conservative multi-year average. This is a Navinua assumption, not the current statutory rate.

Source: Lending convention (banks' 80% loan-to-value appetite) — not regulation

Banks typically lend up to 80% of the lending value, so buyers generally plan for about 20% own capital — this is lending convention, not regulation. The lending value is the lower of the purchase price and the bank's own valuation; if you pay more than the valuation, the difference must also come from non-Pillar-2 funds.

Source: Swiss Bankers Association, Guidelines on minimum requirements for mortgage financing (version of 13 December 2023, in force 1 January 2025), recognised by FINMA as a binding minimum standard

At least 10% of the lending value must come from own funds that are not withdrawn or pledged from your Pillar 2. Pillar 3a savings do count toward this 10%; only second-pillar money is excluded. There is no cap on Pillar 2 as a share of the property value — the standard sets a floor on non-Pillar-2 funds. Statutory limits on using Pillar 2 for home ownership: minimum withdrawal CHF 20,000, once every five years, at the latest three years before old-age entitlement, spousal consent required, and from age 50 the higher of the vested benefit at 50 or half the current vested benefit (BVG Art. 30a–30g; WEFV, SR 831.411).

Source: Convention — the stress rate most Swiss lenders apply. Not set by FINMA or by law

Theoretical mortgage interest rate: 5.0%. Convention — the stress rate most Swiss lenders apply. Not set by FINMA or by law; it varies by lender and by property type. We apply it to calculate your annual theoretical housing cost.

Source: Convention — the threshold most Swiss lenders apply. Not set by FINMA or by law

Maximum housing cost ratio: housing costs up to about one third of gross income. Convention — the threshold most Swiss lenders apply. Not set by FINMA or by law. FINMA requires banks to assess affordability on a principles-based footing and does not prescribe a ratio. We apply it to annual housing costs (theoretical interest at 5% + 1% maintenance + amortisation).

Source: Lending practice — not regulation; varies by lender

There is no universal rule for how lenders value a securities portfolio. Any planning figure is indicative only; the value your lender actually accepts depends on the lender, the type of securities and their concentration, and replaces it.

Source: Navinua method

We show the rate only when your after-tax income is known and above zero. We do not grade it against a target band; what you do with the surplus is your decision.

Source: Swiss financial planning standard

The target is 5 months of your full monthly expenses. It is a planning benchmark, not a rule.

Source: BVV 3 Art. 7

Pillar 3a contributions are tax-deductible up to the annual limit, but the money is locked until close to retirement. We show this as information. We do not rank it ahead of other uses or allocate money to it.