Every number has a source.

Source: BSV — AHV-Leistungen 2026 (bsv.admin.ch)

The full AHV pension requires 44 contribution years (AHVG Art. 29bis). We prorate your expected AHV by actual contribution years at retirement age. The 2026 value of CHF 2,520/month was confirmed by the Bundesrat in October 2025.

Source: BVG Art. 14 Abs. 2 (fedlex.admin.ch)

The 6.8% mandatory minimum conversion rate is set directly in the BVG (Bundesgesetz über die berufliche Altersvorsorge). The BVG 21 reform proposal that would have lowered this rate was rejected by Swiss voters on 22 September 2024. The 6.8% rate therefore remains in force.

Source: BVG Anhang — BSV annual update 2025 (bsv.admin.ch)

Used to calculate your insured BVG salary from gross income. The minimum insured salary is CHF 3,675/year. Both figures are published annually by the BSV (Bundesamt für Sozialversicherungen).

Source: BVV 3 Art. 7, 2026

Maximum tax-deductible contribution for employees and self-employed with a Pillar 2. We use this to calculate your annual headroom and the tax benefit of maximising.

Source: BVV 3 Art. 7, 2026

Self-employed professionals without a Pillar 2 are entitled to a higher Pillar 3a deduction. We apply this limit when employment_status is self_employed.

Source: Navinua assumption — deliberately conservative

We use a 3% annual return for Pillar 3a projection. Swiss Pillar 3a funds have historically returned 3–6% depending on equity allocation. We use the lower bound to avoid overstating the outcome.

Source: Navinua assumption — clearly stated in your report

The Pillar 3a projection assumes you contribute the full annual limit every year until retirement. If you currently contribute less, your actual projected balance will be lower. This assumption is disclosed in your report and in the BVG buy-in flag logic.

Source: Authority: Bundesrat decision under BVG Art. 15 (fedlex.admin.ch)

The federal BVG minimum interest rate is set annually by the Bundesrat. Recent values: 2023 → 1.25%, 2024 → 1.75%, 2025 → 1.25%. We use 1.5% as a conservative multi-year average. This is a Navinua assumption, not the current statutory rate.

Source: FINMA Circular 2012/3

Swiss lenders require at least 20% equity before granting a mortgage. We calculate your total available equity and compare it to this threshold.

Source: FINMA Circular 2012/3 §3

At least half of the required equity must come from savings, securities, or other liquid assets — not from pension pledge or withdrawal. Pillar 3a counts as own funds (freely withdrawable). Pillar 2 is capped at 10% of the property value.

Source: FINMA Circular 2012/3 §2

Swiss affordability is assessed at a theoretical 5% rate regardless of the current market rate. This stress test ensures you can service the mortgage if rates rise significantly. We apply this to calculate your annual theoretical housing cost.

Source: FINMA Circular 2012/3 §2

Annual housing costs (theoretical interest at 5% + 1% maintenance + amortisation) must not exceed one third of your gross household income. This is the primary Swiss affordability gate.

Source: SBVg — Richtlinien Hypothekarfinanzierungen (FINMA-recognized minimum standard under Circular 2012/3); swissbanking.org

The Swiss Bankers Association (SBVg) publishes minimum standards for mortgage financing that FINMA has formally recognised under Circular 2012/3. Within this framework, Swiss lenders apply haircuts of 30–40% to pledged securities to account for market volatility. We use 33% (2/3 of market value) as a representative mid-point. The exact haircut applied by your bank will depend on the security type, concentration, and internal credit policy.

Source: FINMA Circular 2012/3 §3

Pillar 2 funds pledged or withdrawn for property purchase are capped at 10% of the property value. We apply this hard cap and flag if you have excess Pillar 2 that cannot be used.

Source: Navinua assumption based on Swiss savings benchmark

The property module does not collect your monthly surplus directly — that is handled by the Monthly Money Rule module. To estimate how long it will take to reach your equity target, we assume you can save 20% of your combined gross household income per month. This is the upper end of the Swiss savings benchmark. If your actual savings rate is lower, your years-to-ready figure will be longer.

Source: Swiss financial planning industry standard; SNB household statistics (snb.ch)

Swiss financial planners commonly cite 15–20% of net income as a healthy savings target. SNB household statistics show the aggregate Swiss savings rate has averaged ~18% in recent years, but this is a national aggregate, not a regulatory minimum. We use 15% as the good threshold and flag anything below 10% as critical.

Source: Swiss financial planning standard

We recommend 3 months as the minimum and 6 months as the target. Fixed costs are used (not total expenses) to give a conservative, achievable target.

Source: Swiss tax optimisation principle

Pillar 3a contributions are tax-deductible at federal and cantonal level. We always recommend maximising this before deploying surplus into taxable investment accounts.